Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, Cor D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)

Being a good parent is what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very $\underline{\quad1\quad}$, particularly since children respond differently to the same style. of parenting. A calm, rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than, $\underline{\quad2\quad}$, a younger one.

$\underline{\quad3\quad}$, there's another sort of parent that's easier to $\underline{\quad4\quad}$: a parent. Children of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still, $\underline{\quad2\quad}$, every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy $\underline{\quad6\quad}$, sometimes, parents get exhausted and are unable to maintain a $\underline{\quad7\quad}$ style with their kids. I understand this.

You're only human, and sometimes your kids can $\underline{\quad8\quad}$ you just a little too far. And then the $\underline{\quad9\quad}$ happens: You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was too $\underline{\quad10\quad}$ and does nobody any good.:You wish that you could $\underline{\quad11\quad}$ the clock and start over. We've all been there.

$\underline{\quad12\quad}$, even though it's common, its vital to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue, you can say something to your child that you may $\underline{\quad13\quad}$ for a long time, This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also $\underline{\quad14\quad}$ your child's self-esteem.

If you consistently lose your $\underline{\quad15\quad}$ with your kids, then you are modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the $\underline{\quad16\quad}$ of modeling patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to maintain emotional control when $\underline{\quad17\quad}$ by stress is one of the most significant of all life's skills.

Certainly, it's $\underline{\quad18\quad}$ to maintain patience at all times with your kids, A more practical goal is to try to be as calm as you can when faced with $\underline{\quad19\quad}$ situations involving your children. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward this goal, you and your children will benefit and, $\underline{\quad20\quad}$ from stressful moments fling better physically and emotionally.

1. [A] pleasant [B] tricky [C] tedious [D] instructive

2. [A] at once [B] in addition [C] for example [D] by accident

3. [A] Fortunately [B] Occasionally [C] Accordingly [D] Eventually

4. [A] amuse [B] train [C] assist [D] describe

5. [A] once [B] because [C] unless [D] while

6. [A] choice [B] answer [C] task [D]access

7. [A] formal [B] tolerant [C] rigid [D] critical

8. [A] move [B] drag [C] send [D] push

9. [A] inevitable [B] illogical [C] mysterious [D] suspicious

10. [A] boring [B] harsh [C] naive [D] vague

11. [A] turn back [B] take apart [C] set aside [D] cover up

12. [A] Overall [B] Instead [C] Otherwise [D] However

13. [A] believe [B] regret [C] miss [D] like

14. [A] justify [B] raise [C] affect [D] reflect

15. [A] bond [B] time [C] race [D] cool

16. [A] nature [B] secret [C] context [D] importance

17. [A] confronted [B] defeated [C] cheated [D] confused

18. [A] strange [B] terrible [C] hard [D] wrong

19. [A] exciting [B] trying [C] surprising [D] changing

20. [A] withdraw [B] hide [C] emerge [D] escape

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)

Text1

Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from other so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this extends to non-living beings, Loleh Quimn at the Universiy of Califomia, San Dicgo, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.

They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial- for 5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.

During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side

Next,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.

Across 18 trials each, the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being, They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing. This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to retun the favour when they get trapped,says Quin

The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given if minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels."Wwe'd assumed we' d have to give it a moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat, but that wasn't necessar, says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.

The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they com from basi robots. Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings, even when they display only simple social signals."We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it turms out other animals are too' says Wiles.

21. Quinn and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can

[A] pickup social signals from non-living rats

[B] distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one

[C] ttain ciable raits through special training

[D] send out warning messages to their fellow

22.What did the asocial robot do during the experiment?

[A] It followed the social robot.

[B] It played with some toys.

[C] t set the raped rats fre.

[D] It moved around alone.

23. According to Quin,the rats released the social robot because they

[A] tried to practice a means of escape

B]expected it to do the same in retur

[C] wanted to display their intelligence

[D]considered that an interesting game

24. James Wiles notes that rats

[A] can remember other rat's facial features

[B] differentiate smells bettr than sizes

[C] respond more to cations thanto lo

[D] can be scared by a plastic box on wheels

25. It can be learned from the text that rats

[A]appear to be adaptable to new surroundings

[B] are more socially active than other animals

[C] behave diferenly fom children in scializing

D]are more sensitive to social cues than expected

Text 2

It is true that CEO pay has gone up-top ones may make 300 times the pay of typical workers on average, and since the mid-1970s CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has,by varying estimates, gone up by about 500%.The typical CEO of a top American corporation now makes about S18.9 million a year.

The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunitis for the top fims are growing rapidly. The efforts of America's highest-earming 1% have been one of the more dynamic elements of the global economy.I's no popular to say, but one reason their pay has gone up so much is that CEOs realy have upped their game relative to many other workers in the U.S. economy.

Today's CEO, at least for major American firms, must have many mere skill than simply being able to "rn the company" CEOs must have a good sense of financial markets and maybe even how the company should trade in them. They also need better publi relations skills than their predecessors, as the costs of even a minor slip up can be significant. Then there's the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before,with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries. To lead in that system requires knowledge that is fairly mind-boggling plus, virtually all major American companies are beyond this major CEOs still have to do all the day-to-day work they have always done.

The common idea that high CEO pay is mainly about ripping people off dosn't explain history very well. By most measures, corporate governance has become a lot tighter and more rigorous since the 1970s. Yet it is principally during this period of stronger governance that CEO pay has been high and rising. That suggests it is in the broader corporate interest to recruit top candidates for increasingly tough jobs.

Furthermore, the highest CEO salaries are paid to outside candidates, not to the cozy insider picks,anotersin ha high ELo pa is no some ind f dprdationatt the expense of the rest of the company. And the stock market reacts positively when companies tie CEO pay to, say, stock prices, a sign that those practices build up corporate value not just for the CEO.

26. which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise?

A. The growth in the number of corporations

B. The general pay rise with a better economy

C.Increased business opportunities for top firms

D.Close cooperation among leading economics

27.Compared with their predecessors, today's CEOs are required to_

A. foster a stronger sense of teamwork

B.finance more research and development

C.establish closer ties with tech companies

D.operate more globalized companies

28.CEO pay has been rising since the 1970s despite__.

A.continual internal opposition

B.strict corporate governance

C.conservative business strategies

D.repeated governance warnings

29.High CEO pay can be justified by the fact that it helps

A.confirm the status of CEOs

B.motive inside candidates

C.boost the efficiency of CEOs

D.increase corporate value

30.The most suitable title for this text would be

A.CEOs Are Not Overpai

B.CEO Pay : Past and Present

C.CEOs' Challenges of Today

D.CEO Traits:Not Easy to Define

Text3

Madrid was hailed as a public health beacon last November when it rolled ou ambitious restrictions on the most polluting cars. Seven months and one election day later, a new conservative city council suspended enforcement of the clean air z0ne, a frst step toward its possible demise.

Mayor Jose Luis Martincz-Almeida made opposition to the zon a centrepiec of his election campaign, despite its success n improving air qualiy. A judge has row overruled the city's decision to stop levying fines, ordering them reinstated. But with legal battles ahead, the zone's future looks uncertain at best. South Circular roads in 2021 as he intends, it is sure to spark intense opposition from the far larger number of motorists who will then be effected.

It's not that measures such as London's Ulez are useless, Far from it. Local officials are using the levers that are available to them to safeguard residents health in the face of a serious threat. The zones do deliver some improvements to air quality, and the science tells us that means real health benefits - fewer heart attacks, strokes and premature births, less cancer, dementia and asthma. Fewer untimely deaths.

But mayors and councillors can only do so much about a problem that is far bigger than any one city or town. They are acting because national govemments - Britain s and others across Europe- have failed to do so.

Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas - city centres "school street", even individual roads - are a response to the absence of a larger effort to properly enforce exising regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliancc. Wales has introduced special low sped limits to minimise pollution We're doing everything but insist that manufacturers clean up their cars.

31.Which of the following is true about Madrid's clean air zone?

[A] Its effects are questionable

[B] It has been opposed by adjudge

[C] t needs tougher enforcement

[D) Its fate is yet to be decided

32.Which is considered a weakness of the city-level measures to tackle dirty air?

[A] They arc biased against car manufacturers

[B] They prove impractical for city councils.

[C] They are deemed too mild for policians

[D] They put too much burden on individual motorist

33. The author believes that the extension of London's Ulez will.

[A] arouse strong resistance.

[B] ensure Khan's electoral success.

[C] improve the city's traffic

[D] discourage car manufacturing

34 Who does the author think should have addressed the problem?

[A] Local residents

[B]Mayors.

[C] Councilors.

[D] National governments

35. It can be infered from the last paragraph that auto companies.

[A] will raise low-emission car production

[B] should be forced to follow regulations

[C] will upgrade the design of their vehicles

[D] should be put under public supervision

Text 4

Now that members of Generation Z are graduating college this spring the most commonly-accpted defintion says this generation was borm ater 199,give or take a year -the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks. GenZs are about to hit the streets looking for work in a labor market that's tighter than it's been in decades. And employers are planning on hiring about 17 percent more new graduates for jobs in the U.S. this year than last, according to a survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers. Everybody wants to know how the people who will soon inhabit those empty office cubicles will differ from those who came before them.

If"entitled" is the most common adjective,fairly or not, applied to millennial (those born between 1981 and1995),the catchwords for Generation Z are practical and cautious. According to the career counselors and experts who study them, Generation Zs are clear-eyed, conomic pragmatists. Despite graduating into the best economy in the past 50 years, Gen Zs know what an economic train wreck looks like. They were impressionable kids during the crash of 2008, when many of their parents lost their jobs or their life savings or both. They aren't interested in taking any chances. The booming conomy seems to have done litle to assuage this underlying generational sense of anxious urgency, especially for those who have college debt. College loan balances in the U.S. now stand at are cord S1.5 trillion, according to the Federal Reserve.

One survey from Accnture found that 8 percent of graduating seniors this year chose their major with a job in mind. In a 2019 survey of Univeriy of Georgia students, meanwhil,the career office found the most desirable trait in a future employer was the ability to offer secure employment (followed by professional development and training,and then inspiring purpose), Job security or stabiliy was the second most important career goal (work-life balance was number one),followed by a sense of being dedicated to a cause or to feel good about serving the greater good.

36.Generation Zs graduating college this sping

[A] are recognized for their abilities

[BJare in favor of job offers

[C] are optimistic about he labor market

[D] are drawing growing public attention

37.Generation Zs are keenly aware

[A] what a tough conomic siuation is Tike

[B]what their parentsxpct f tem

[C] how they differ from past generations

[D] how valuable a counselor's advice is

38. The word "assuage "(line 9, para 2)is closet in meaning to

[A] define [B] relieve [C] maintain [D] deepen

39. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that Generation Zs_

[A] care lite about their job performance

[B] give top priority to professional training

[C] think it hard to achieve work- Life balance

[D] have a clear idea about their fiuture job.

40.Michelsen thinks that compared with millenials, Generation ZS are

[A] less realistic [B] less adventurous [C]more diligent [D] more generous

Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Part B

Directions:

Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subtitles from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45).There are two extra subiles which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET(10 points)

[A] Given compliments,just not too many.

[B] Put on a good face, always.

[C] Tailor your interactions.

[D] Spend time with everyone

[E] Reveal,don't hide, infomation.

[F] Slow down and listen

[G] Put yourselves others' shoes.

Five Ways to Win Over Everyone in the Office

Is it possible to like everyone in your ofice? Tink about how tough it is to get together 15people, much less50,who all get along perfectly. But unlike in friendships, you need coworkers. You work with them every day and you depend on them just as they deepen on you Here are some ways that you can get the whole office on your side.

41.__________________

If you have a bone to pick with somecone in your workplace, you may try stay tight-lipped around then.But you won't be helping either one of you. A Harvard Business School study found that observers consistently rated those who were frank about themselves more highly, while those who hid lost trustworthiness. The lesson is not that you should make your personal life an open book, but rather, when given the option to offer up details about yourself or painstakingly conceal them, you should just be honest.

42.__________________

Just as important as being honest about yourself is being receptive to others. We often feel the need to tell others how we feel,whether it's a concern about a project, a stray thought, or a compliment. Those are all vali, but you need to take time to hear out your coworkers, too, In fact, rushing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don't value their opinions. Do your best to engage coworkers in a genuine, back- and-forth conversation, rather than prioritizing your own thoughts.

43.__________________

It's common to have a "cubicle mate" or special confidant in a work setting But in addition to those trusted coworkers, you should expand your horizons and find out about all the people around you. Use your lunch and coffee breaks to meet up with colleagues you don't always see. Find out about their lives and interests beyond the job. It requires minimal effort and goes a long way. This will help to grow your internal network, in addition to being a nice break in the work day.

44.__________________

Positive feedback is important for anyone to hear. And you don't have to be someone's boss to tell them they did an exceptional job on a particular project. This will help engender good will in others But don't overdo it or be fake about it One study found that people responded best to comments that shifted fom negative to positive, possibly because it suggested they had won somebody over.

45.__________________

This one may be a bit more difficult to pull of, but it can go a long way to achieving results. Remember in dealing with any coworker what they appreciate from an interaction. Watch out for how they verbalize with others. Some people like small talk in a meeting before digging into important matters, while other are more straightforward. Jokes that work one person won't necessarily land with another. So, adapt your style accordingly to type. Consider the person that you 're dealing with in advance and what will get you to your desired outcome.

（请将41-45题的答案填入下方的输入框，不区分大小写）

Section III Translation

46.Directions:

Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

It's almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.

We can choose to see failure as the end of the world." Or, we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something, we can choose to look for the lesson we're meant to learn. These lessons are very important; they're how we grow, and how we keep from making that same mistake again. Failures stop us only if we let them.

Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise. For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.

Section IV Writing

Part A

47. Directions:

Suppose you are planning a tour of a historical site for a group of international students. write an email to

1) tell them about the site, and
2) give them some tips for the tour

Please write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not use your own name, use Li Ming instead (10 points)

Part B

48. Directions:

Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1) interpret

the chart, and2) give your comments.

You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

(这是一张展示某高校学生使用手机阅读目的的饼图。其中，“学习” 占比 59.50%，“打发时间” 占比 20.50%，“浏览信息” 占比 17%，“其他” 占比 2%。)