2014年考研英语(一)考试试题

科目组合

英语一: 英语知识运用 、阅读理解 、写作

01: 13: 13
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得分 48/100
答对题目数 14/44
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答题情况分析报告

正确: 14
错误: 30
未答: 0
总分: 48/100
正确率 31.8%
第1题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word() for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)

As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can't remember$\underline{\quad1\quad}$we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance's name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain$\underline{\quad2\quad}$, we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments."$\underline{\quad3\quad}$seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have an$\underline{\quad4\quad}$impact on our professional, social, and personal$\underline{\quad5\quad}$.

Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there's actually a lot that can be done. It$\underline{\quad6\quad}$out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental$\underline{\quad7\quad}$can significantly improve our basic cognitive$\underline{\quad8\quad}$. Thinking is essentially a$\underline{\quad9\quad}$of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to$\underline{\quad10\quad}$in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited.$\underline{\quad11\quad}$, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate$\underline{\quad12\quad}$mental effort.

Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step$\underline{\quad13\quad}$and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve their mental$\underline{\quad14\quad}$.

The Web-based program$\underline{\quad15\quad}$you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps$\underline{\quad16\quad}$of your progress and provides detailed feedback$\underline{\quad17\quad}$your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it$\underline{\quad18\quad}$modifies and enhances the games you play to$\underline{\quad19\quad}$on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n)$\underline{\quad20\quad}$exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.

1. We suddenly can't remember$\underline{\quad1\quad}$we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance's name, or the name of an old band we used to love.

[A] where [B] when [C] that [D] why

正确答案:A 你的答案: D 正确率:100%
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第2题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

2. As the brain$\underline{\quad2\quad}$, we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments."

[A] improves [B] fades [C] recovers [D] collapses

正确答案:B 你的答案: 正确 正确率:100%
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第3题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

3.$\underline{\quad3\quad}$seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have an$\underline{\quad4\quad}$impact on our professional, social, and personal$\underline{\quad5\quad}$.

[A] If [B] Unless [C] Once [D] While

正确答案:D 你的答案: A 正确率:100%
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第4题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

4.$\underline{\quad3\quad}$seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have an$\underline{\quad4\quad}$impact on our professional, social, and personal$\underline{\quad5\quad}$.

[A] uneven [B] limited [C] damaging [D] obscure

正确答案:C 你的答案: 正确 正确率:0%
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第5题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

5.$\underline{\quad3\quad}$seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have an$\underline{\quad4\quad}$impact on our professional, social, and personal$\underline{\quad5\quad}$.

[A] wellbeing [B] environment [C] relationship [D] outlook

正确答案:A 你的答案: 正确 正确率:0%
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第6题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

6. It$\underline{\quad6\quad}$out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental$\underline{\quad7\quad}$can significantly improve our basic cognitive$\underline{\quad8\quad}$.

[A] turns [B] finds [C] points [D] figures

正确答案:A 你的答案: 正确 正确率:100%
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第7题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

7. It$\underline{\quad6\quad}$out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental$\underline{\quad7\quad}$can significantly improve our basic cognitive$\underline{\quad8\quad}$.

[A] roundabouts [B] responses [C] workouts [D] associations

正确答案:C 你的答案: 正确 正确率:100%
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第8题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

8. It$\underline{\quad6\quad}$out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental$\underline{\quad7\quad}$can significantly improve our basic cognitive$\underline{\quad8\quad}$.

[A] genre [B] functions [C] circumstances [D] criterion

正确答案:B 你的答案: D 正确率:100%
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第9题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

9. Thinking is essentially a$\underline{\quad9\quad}$of making connections in the brain.

[A] channel [B] condition [C] sequence [D] process

正确答案:D 你的答案: B 正确率:100%
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第10题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

10. To a certain extent, our ability to$\underline{\quad10\quad}$in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited.

[A] persist [B] believe [C] excel [D] feature

正确答案:C 你的答案: 正确 正确率:0%
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第11题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

11.$\underline{\quad11\quad}$, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate$\underline{\quad12\quad}$mental effort.

[A] Therefore [B] Moreover [C] Otherwise [D] However

正确答案:D 你的答案: B 正确率:100%
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第12题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

12.$\underline{\quad11\quad}$, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate$\underline{\quad12\quad}$mental effort.

[A] according to [B] regardless of [C] apart from [D] instead of

正确答案:A 你的答案: D 正确率:100%
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第13题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

13. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step$\underline{\quad13\quad}$and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve their mental$\underline{\quad14\quad}$.

[A] back [B] further [C] aside [D] around

正确答案:B 你的答案: 正确 正确率:100%
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第14题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

14. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step$\underline{\quad13\quad}$and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve their mental$\underline{\quad14\quad}$.

[A] sharpness [B] stability [C] framework [D] flexibility

正确答案:A 你的答案: C 正确率:0%
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第15题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

15. The Web-based program$\underline{\quad15\quad}$you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills.

[A] forces [B] reminds [C] hurries [D] allows

正确答案:D 你的答案: 正确 正确率:100%
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第16题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

16. The program keeps$\underline{\quad16\quad}$of your progress and provides detailed feedback$\underline{\quad17\quad}$your performance and improvement.

[A] hold [B] track [C] order [D] pace

正确答案:B 你的答案: D 正确率:100%
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第17题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

17. The program keeps$\underline{\quad16\quad}$of your progress and provides detailed feedback$\underline{\quad17\quad}$your performance and improvement.

[A] to [B] with [C] for [D] on

正确答案:D 你的答案: B 正确率:0%
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第18题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

18. Most importantly, it$\underline{\quad18\quad}$modifies and enhances the games you play to$\underline{\quad19\quad}$on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n)$\underline{\quad20\quad}$exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.

[A] irregularly [B] habitually [C] constantly [D] unusually

正确答案:C 你的答案: 正确 正确率:100%
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第19题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

19. Most importantly, it$\underline{\quad18\quad}$modifies and enhances the games you play to$\underline{\quad19\quad}$on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n)$\underline{\quad20\quad}$exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.

[A] carry [B] put [C] build [D] take

正确答案:C 你的答案: B 正确率:100%
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第20题 英语知识运用 单选题 题目链接

20. Most importantly, it$\underline{\quad18\quad}$modifies and enhances the games you play to$\underline{\quad19\quad}$on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n)$\underline{\quad20\quad}$exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.

[A] risky [B] effective [C] idle [D] familiar

正确答案:B 你的答案: C 正确率:0%
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第21题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)

Text 1

In order to "change lives for the bette" and reduce "dependency," George Osbome,Chancellor of the Excheque, introduced the "upfront work search' scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the job centre with a CV register for nin o sarh, an sat toing f or w te h e e n n h h u r weekly rather than fortnightly, What could be more reasonable?

More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker's allowance "Thos first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on" he camed."We're doing these things becarse we know hey help people say off beneris and help those on benefis get ino work faste" Help? Really? on first hearing, this was th socaly oncmed chancello rying te change ivse orthe teecoplte with reform"to an obviously indulgentsystem that demands too fiil fto to th ewy uvemployed o find work, and subsides laziness, What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for "findamental faimes"pccing th tapayer,contoling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving laimants received their benefits.

Losing a job is huring: you don't skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart,delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. t is isancal/ylttfin y caca/y/bpsgsg and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills hs disppared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.

But in Osbormcland, your first instinet is to fal intn dependeny- permanent dependeney if you can get i-supported by a state ony to ready to induige your falsehood. t is sthuh 2 yers ofever tugher rfrormsof the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase jobseeker's allowance -invented in 1996- is about redefining the unemployed as a "jobseeker"who had no mandatory right to a benefit he or she has earmed through making national insurance contrbutions. Instead, the claimant receivs a iome imie"' alwane" ondtioa o ativey seina o, o entitlement and no insurance, at 71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU.

21.George Osbome's scheme was intended to

[A]provide the nemployed with easier accesst bnets.

[B)encourage jobseekers active engagement in job sking.

[C]motivate the unemployed to report voluntarily.

[D]guarantee jobseekers' legitimate right to benefits.

正确答案:B 你的答案: C 正确率:0%
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第22题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

22. The phrase "to sign on"(Line 3,Para.2) most probably means

[A]o check on the avalabilit of josat the bentre.

[B]to accept the government's restrictions on the allowance.

[C]o register for an alowane fom the goverment.

[D]to attend a governmental job-training program.

正确答案:C 你的答案: A 正确率:0%
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第23题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

23. What promoted the hanelo clrcrp isschce?e?

[A] A desire to secure a better life for all.

[B] An eagerness to protect the unemployed.

[C] An urge to be generous to the claimants.

[D] A passion to ensure faimess for tapayers.

正确答案:A 你的答案: D 正确率:0%
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第24题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

24. According to Paragraph 3,being unemployed makes one feel

[A]uneasy.

[B]enraged.

[C]insulted.

[DJguilty.

正确答案:A 你的答案: B 正确率:0%
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第25题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

25.To which of the following would the author most probably agree?

[A]The British welfare system indulges jobseekers' laziness.

[B]Osbome's reforms will eauce t it f eplyoent..

[C]The jobseckers'a llowance has met thei atual edas.

[D]Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.

正确答案:B 你的答案: A 正确率:0%
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第26题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

Text 2

All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession---wih the possible exception of jourmalism.But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.

During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-fall of money, tempting ever more students to pile int law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-fim job. Many of them instead become the kind of muisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.

There are many reasons for this. one is the ecsie cots o eal ecation. Threis just oe pp torr lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today's average law-school graduate with S100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.

Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time,but the state-level bodis that govem the proression have ben to onervative to iplement them.One idea is to allow people to sudy law as an undergraduate degree,Another is to tet tadens tfrte bar atr onlf two years of law school. f the bar exam is truly astm enough test for a would-be lawyer,those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so. Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.

The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business, Exccp in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and inovtion slow.There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.

In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services t customers,by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving fims'eficieny. Afer all ther contris, such as Australia and Briain,have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.

26.A lot of students take up law as their profession due to

[A]the growing demand fom chients.

[B]the increasing pressur of inflation.

[C]the prospect of workin in big fims..

[D]the attraction of financial rewards.

正确答案:D 你的答案: 正确 正确率:0%
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第27题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

27. Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most American states?

[A]Higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.

[B]Admissions approval from the bar association.

[C]Pursuing a bachelor's degree in another major.

[D]Receiving training by professional assciations.

正确答案:C 你的答案: B 正确率:0%
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第28题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

28.Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from

[A]lawyers'and clients' strong resistance.

[B)herigid bodies goveming the profession.

[C]the stem exam for would-be lawyers.

[D]non-professionals' sharp criticism.

正确答案:B 你的答案: C 正确率:0%
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第29题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

29. The guild-ik onershi srcre s onsed r rt

[A]bans outsiders' involvement in the profession.

[Bjkecps lawyers from holding law-irm shares.

[C]aggravates the ethical situation in the trade.

[DJprevents lawyers from gaining due profits.

正确答案:A 你的答案: B 正确率:0%
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第30题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

30.In ths tex,th tor an siusss

[A]tawed ownership of America's law frms and its causes.

[B]the factors that help make a successful lawyer in America.

[C]a problem in America's egal pofession an olutions to t.

[D]the role of undergraduate studies in America's legal education.

正确答案:C 你的答案: B 正确率:0%
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第31题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

Text 3

The USS3-milion Fundamental physics prize is indeed an interesting experiment, as Alexander olyakov sai when he accepted this year's award in March. And it is far from the only one of its type. As a News Feature article in Nature discusses,a stingf f orarivceawars forearhes hav oned the Nobel Prizes in rcen yars. Many, like the Fundamental Physics Prize, are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accounts of Intermnet entrepreneurs. These benefactors have suceeded in their chosen fieds, they ay,an they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.

What's not to like? Quite a lot, according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature.You canno buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels. The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them,say scientists. They could distort the achievement-based system of peer-review-led research. They could cement the status quo of peer reviewed research. They do not fund peereviewed research. They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.

The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism. Some want to shock, others to draw people into science,or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.

As Nature has pointed out before,there are some legtimate concerns about how science prizes both new and old-are distributed. The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, aunched this year, takes an unrepresentative view of what the life sciences include. But the Nobel Foundation's limit of three reipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modemn research- as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higs boson. The Nobels were, of course, themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money. Time, rather than intention, has given them legitimacy.

As much as some scientists may complain about the new award, two things seem clear.First, most researchers would accept such a prie f the were ofred one. Seond, it is surlu go ting tath ny nd attention come to science rather than go elsewhere, It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism-that is the culture of research, after all but tisteprzeiei?' ony to o wihas he please. tis wis to take suah giftss with gratiude and grace.

31. The Fundamental Physical Prize is seen as

[A]a symbol of the entrepreneurs' wealth.

[B]a possible replacement of the Nobel Prize.

[C]an example of bankers' investment.

[D)Ja handsome reward for researchers.

正确答案:A 你的答案: B 正确率:0%
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第32题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

32. The critics think that the new awards will most benefit

[A]the profit-oriented scientists.

[B]the founders of the new award.

[C]the achievement-based system.

[D]peer-review-led research.

正确答案:B 你的答案: A 正确率:0%
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第33题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

33. The discovery of the Higgs boson is a typical case which involves

[A] controversies over the recipients' status.

[B] the joint effot of modern researchers.

[C] legitimate concerms over the new prizes.

[D] the demonstration of rearch findings.

正确答案:D 你的答案: 正确 正确率:0%
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第34题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

34. Acording to Praph , which of th olwinis ts e lsee?

[A]Their endurance has done justice to them.

[B]Their legitimacy has long been in dispute.

[C]They are the most representative honor.

[D]History has never cast doubt on them.

正确答案:A 你的答案: 正确 正确率:0%
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第35题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

35. The author believed that the new awards are

[A]acceptable despite the criticism.

[B]harmnful to the culure of research.

[C]subject to undesirable changes.

[Djunworthy of public attention.

正确答案:A 你的答案: C 正确率:0%
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第36题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

Text 4

"The Heart of the Matte," te ustrelcased rpr by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences(AAAS), deserves praise for afiming the imprtance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regretabl, however,the report's failure to adress tht rue ature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.

In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions tha could be taken by "federal, state and local goverments,niversties, foundations, educatos, individual benefactors and other"to "'maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education."n response,the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the commission's 5 members are top-ticruniversity presidents, cholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as rominnt figures fom diplomacy,fimmaking, musi and joumalism

The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative govemnment presupposes an informed cizenry, the report supports full ieray stes ths shdy of history and government,paricularly American history and American goverment, and encourages the use of new digial technologies. To encourage inovation and competition, th repot al o crasad invetment in rearch, th rating of coherent curicula that improve students' ability to sove problems and communicate efecivey in the 21st centur, icnreased finding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learing to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages,international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.

Unforunately, despite 2/s years in te mking,"The Heart of the Matte' never gets to te hat of the matter the iliberal nature of liberal etucatio at our leading colleges and univrsities,The commission ignores that for several decades America's colles and universties have produced graduates who don't know the content and character of liberal cducation and are thus deprived of is benefis, Sadly, the spirit of inguiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing "progressive" o lefiapna

Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas-such as free markets or selreliance as falling outside the boundaries of routine,and sometimes legitimate, ntelltua inestgation

The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.

36. Acording to Pararaph 1, what is the autho's ttue toword h A's sporn??

[A] Critical

[B] Apprectaive

[C] Contemptuous

[D] Tolerant

正确答案:A 你的答案: 正确 正确率:0%
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第37题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

37.Influential figures in the Congress rqured that th A A srpot on ow to

[A] retain people's interest in liberal education.

[B] define the government's role in education.

[C] keep a leading position in liberal education.

[D]safeguard individuals rights to ducation.

正确答案:C 你的答案: D 正确率:0%
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第38题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

38.Acording tO Pargrah, he rpot ugesss

[A] an exclusive study of American history.

[B] a greater emphasis on theoretical subjects..

[C] the application of emerging technologies.

[D] funding for the study of foreign languages.

正确答案:C 你的答案: 正确 正确率:0%
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第39题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

39. The autho imples in Paragraph s that professo ar

[A] supportive of free markets.

[B]catious about inteleta inesigation.

[C] conservative about public policy.

[D] biased against classical liberal ideas.

正确答案:B 你的答案: C 正确率:0%
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第40题 阅读理解 单选题 题目链接

40. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

[A] Ways to Grasp "The Heart of the Matter"

[B] lliberal Education and "The Heart of the Matter"

[C] The AAAS' Contribution to Liberal Education

[D] Progressive Policy vs. Liberal Education

正确答案:B 你的答案: A 正确率:0%
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第41题 阅读理解 综合题 题目链接

Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Part B

Directions:

The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G and fling them into the numbered boxes Paragraphs A and E have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

[A] Some archaeological sites have always been easily observable-for example, the Parthenon in Athens, Greece; the pyramids of Giza in Egypt; and the megaliths of Stonehenge in southern England. But these sites are exceptions to the norm. Most archaeological sites have been located by means of careful searching, while many others have been discovered by accident. Olduvai Gorge, fell nioi e l/ 1osinis S tc fitcam o light during the digging of the Mexico City subway in the 1970s.

[B] In another case, American archaeologists Rene million and George Cowgill pat years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacan in the valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City at its peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements in the word. The researchers mapped not only the city's vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.

[C] How do archaeologists know where to find what they are looking for when there is nothing visible on the surface of the ground? Typically, they survey and sample (make test excavations on) large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yed useful information, Surveys and test samples have also become important for understanding the larger Iandscapes that contain archaeological sites.

[D] Surveys can cover a single large settlement or ntire landscapes.in one cas, many recarchers working around the ancient Maya city of Copan, Honduras, have located hundreds of small trl iag nd ndidlald eliny using aerial photographs and by making surveys on foot. The resulting settlement maps show how the distribution and density of the rural population around the city changed dramatically between AD500 and 850, when Copan collapsed.

[E] To find their sites, archaeologists today rely heavily on systematic survey methods and a variety of high-technology tools and techniques. Airborne technologies, such as different types of radar and photographic equipment carried by airplanes or spacecraft, allow archaeologists to learn about what lies beneath the ground without digging. Aerial surveys locate general areas of interest or larger buried features, such as ancient buildings or fields.

[F] Most archaeological site, howeve, are discovered by archaeologists who have set out to look for them.Such searches can take years. British archaeologist Howard Carter knew tha the tomb of the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamen existed from information found in other sites. Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the King for seven years before he located the tomb in 1922.In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Eyan combed antique dealers' stores in Athens, Greece, He was searching for thing engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that dominated Greece from the 1400s to 1200s BC.Evas's interpretations of those engravings eventually led them to find the Minoan palace at Knossos on the island of Crete, in 1900.

[G] Ground surveys allow archaeologists to pinpint the placs where digs will be sccstu!. ost gron surveys involve a lot of walking, looking for surface clues such as small fragments of pottery, They ofien include a certain amounts of digging to test for buried materials at selected points across a landscape. Archaeologists also may locate buried remains by using such technologies as ground radar,magnetic-field recording,and metal detector. Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and the landscapes around sites. Two and three-dimensional maps are helpful tools in planning cxcavations, ilusraing how sites look, and presenting the results of archaeological research.

(41---A---42.--E--43--44---45,请将41-45题的答案填入下方的输入框,不区分大小写)

你的答案:

CFGDB


评分及理由

(1)得分及理由(满分2分)

学生第41题答案为C。标准答案为C。C段以设问句开头,引出考古学家如何寻找遗址的问题,是全文的逻辑起点,放在首段合理。学生答案正确,得2分。

(2)得分及理由(满分2分)

学生第42题答案为F。标准答案为F。已知A段已给出,A段末尾提到“许多遗址是偶然发现的”,而C段提出了“如何寻找”的问题。F段首句“然而,大多数考古遗址是由有意寻找它们的考古学家发现的”与A段末尾形成转折,并开始回答C段提出的问题,逻辑衔接紧密。学生答案正确,得2分。

(3)得分及理由(满分2分)

学生第43题答案为G。标准答案为G。已知E段已给出,E段主要讲空中勘察等高科技手段。G段首句“地面勘察让考古学家能精确定位挖掘地点”与E段末尾“空中勘察定位大致的感兴趣区域或较大的埋藏特征”形成技术手段上的递进与补充(从空中到地面),逻辑连贯。学生答案正确,得2分。

(4)得分及理由(满分2分)

学生第44题答案为D。标准答案为D。G段详细介绍了地面勘察的方法。D段首句“勘察可以覆盖单个大型定居点或整个区域”,是对G段“地面勘察”工作的范围扩展和举例(洪都拉斯科潘遗址),逻辑上承接G段。学生答案正确,得2分。

(5)得分及理由(满分2分)

学生第45题答案为B。标准答案为B。D段以科潘为例说明了勘察如何揭示人口变化。B段以“另一个案例”开头,介绍了特奥蒂瓦坎的测绘工作,与D段构成并列举例关系,作为文章结尾部分合适。学生答案正确,得2分。

题目总分:2+2+2+2+2=10分

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第42题 阅读理解 综合题 题目链接

Part C

Directions:

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET(10 points)

Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of his life. It might be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human being. Hence it is metaphysical; but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical: sound. I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music.46) It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.

Beethoven's importance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions. He freed music from hitherto prevailing conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity.

The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected, as in the last piano sonata. In musical expression, he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention. 47) By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.

This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven's music. His compositions demand the performer to show courage, for example in the use of dynamics. 48) Beethoven's habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.

Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word. He was not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society.49) Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.

Beethoven's music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence. For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation. It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word. 50) One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.

你的答案:

46.这也是为什么当我们试图用文字描述音乐的时候,我们只能精确表述我们对音乐的反应,而不能理解音乐本身。

47.总之,他是一个思想自由且勇敢的人,并且我发现勇气是理解他作品的至关重要的品质,特别是表演。

48.贝多芬习惯用激烈的绷紧抬升音量,然后断崖式的以一段突如其来的柔和段落紧随其后,在他之前,极少有作曲家这么用。

49.他对自由的观点特别有意义,对他来说,自由同个人权利和责任相联系:他强调个人表达和思想的自由。

50.一个人可以通过认为苦难无可避免来反驳贝多芬大部分作品,但抗争苦难的勇气使生命值得活。


评分及理由

(1)得分及理由(满分2分)

学生答案:这也是为什么当我们试图用文字描述音乐的时候,我们只能精确表述我们对音乐的反应,而不能理解音乐本身。
评分:2分。
理由:翻译准确,忠实于原文。将“articulate our reactions to it”译为“精确表述我们对音乐的反应”,将“grasp music itself”译为“理解音乐本身”,意思与标准答案基本一致,表达流畅。没有逻辑错误。

(2)得分及理由(满分2分)

学生答案:总之,他是一个思想自由且勇敢的人,并且我发现勇气是理解他作品的至关重要的品质,特别是表演。
评分:1分。
理由:前半句“总之,他是一个思想自由且勇敢的人”将“By all accounts”译为“总之”不够准确,应为“人们普遍认为”或“据大家所说”,但大意尚可。主要扣分点在于后半句的逻辑错误:“特别是表演”的表述不完整且易产生歧义。原文“let alone the performance”意为“更不用说演奏了”,强调理解作品已需要勇气,演奏则更需要。学生译文“特别是表演”颠倒了逻辑层次,将“表演”作为需要勇气的特例或重点,这与原文“理解尚且需要勇气,演奏就更不必说了”的递进关系不符。因此扣1分。

(3)得分及理由(满分2分)

学生答案:贝多芬习惯用激烈的绷紧抬升音量,然后断崖式的以一段突如其来的柔和段落紧随其后,在他之前,极少有作曲家这么用。
评分:1.5分。
理由:整体意思传达正确,抓住了“极大增强音量后突然转为轻柔”的核心对比。用词如“激烈的绷紧”、“断崖式”虽非直译,但生动地体现了原文的“extreme intensity”和“abruptly”的含义,属于可接受的意译。扣0.5分是因为“激烈的绷紧”这个搭配在中文中略显生硬,且“抬升音量”的表述不如“增强音量”或“提高音量”自然流畅,但未构成重大错误或歧义。

(4)得分及理由(满分2分)

学生答案:他对自由的观点特别有意义,对他来说,自由同个人权利和责任相联系:他强调个人表达和思想的自由。
评分:2分。
理由:翻译准确、完整。将“Especially significant was his view of freedom”译为“他对自由的观点特别有意义”,采用了倒装句式的意译,正确。“associated with”译为“相联系”,“advocated”译为“强调”(或“倡导”),意思准确。整体表达通顺,符合中文习惯。

(5)得分及理由(满分2分)

学生答案:一个人可以通过认为苦难无可避免来反驳贝多芬大部分作品,但抗争苦难的勇气使生命值得活。
评分:0分。
理由:存在重大逻辑错误。关键短语“interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that...”的意思是“可以通过说……来阐释/解读贝多芬的大部分作品”,即后面“saying that”的内容是对贝多芬作品的解释。学生将其译为“可以通过认为……来反驳贝多芬大部分作品”,将“interpret”(阐释)错误理解为“反驳”(refute),完全改变了句子的意思,导致整句翻译的核心观点与原文相反。因此不得分。

题目总分:2+1+1.5+2+0=6.5分

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第43题 写作 综合题 题目链接

Section III Writing

Part A

51. Directions:

Write a letter of about 100 words to the president of your university, suggesting how to improve students' physical condition.

You should include the details you think necessary.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead.
Do not write the address. (10 points)

你的答案:

Dear President,

      I hope this letter finds you well. As a graduate from our university, I’m writing this letter to offer you some advice on improving student’s physical condition.

      The details are as follows. To begin with, although the current arrangement has achieved some positive results, there are still several aspects that could be improved. In addition, healthy routine cultivates inner strength and determination, enabling us to face the future with confidence and composure. Finally, regular exercise always holds immerse value under any circumstances, as it brings about positive changes to our daily routines.

      Please accept my sincere gratitude for reading the content above, and feel free to contact with me if you have any questions. I eagerly anticipate your positive reply at your earliest convenience.

Yours truly,

Li Ming


评分及理由

(1)得分及理由(满分10分)

得分:4分

理由:

  1. 内容要点:题目要求就“如何改善学生身体状况”提出具体建议。学生作答虽然使用了建议信的格式,但正文部分并未提出任何具体、可操作的建议。第二段内容空洞,使用了“To begin with... In addition... Finally...”等连接词,但所连接的句子均为泛泛而谈的道理(如健康作息培养内在力量、定期锻炼有价值),而非具体措施。因此,关键要点(具体建议)严重缺失,内容不完整。
  2. 语言表达:存在一些语法和用词错误。例如,“student‘s physical condition”应为“students‘ physical condition”;“immers value”应为“immense value”;“contact with me”应为“contact me”。句子结构尚可,但部分表达不够地道。错误虽未严重到完全无法理解,但影响了语言的准确性。
  3. 格式与语域:书信格式基本正确(称呼、正文、结尾敬语、签名)。语域总体恰当,使用了“Dear President”,“Yours truly”等正式表达。这是本篇作答中相对较好的部分。
  4. 逻辑与结构:结构框架清晰(引言、主体、结尾),但主体段落内部逻辑存在问题。连接词的使用并未引出实质性的建议内容,导致段落缺乏实际信息支撑,逻辑上显得空洞、不连贯。

综合来看,该作答在格式和语域上符合要求,但核心内容缺失,语言存在错误,逻辑不充实。根据评分标准,符合“第二档(较差)”的描述:内容不完整,关键要点缺失;语言错误频繁;逻辑混乱,语句间缺乏实质衔接。在3-4分区间内,考虑到其格式正确、语言基本达意,给予4分。

题目总分:4分

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第44题 写作 综合题 题目链接

Part B

52. Directions:

Write an essay of 160 - 200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) interpret its intended meaning, and
3) give your comments.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET (20 points)

(这幅漫画分为左右两部分,左侧标注“三十年前……”,画中一位年轻女子牵着一个小女孩的手,女子提着物品;右侧标注“现在……”,画中长大的女孩搀扶着已显苍老的女子。下方有“相携”二字,展现了母女(或亲人)之间跨越时光的相互陪伴与扶持。)

你的答案:

As is shown in the left picture, the mother dressed in a coat, took her daughter with a schoolbag before thirty years ago. While in the right one, the daughter has been a adult now, taking her mother who has been elder. Below the picture, the caption indicates that “Company”.
      Notably, the portrayal highlights the significance of the virtue of company and love between families. Several crucial factors deserve thorough consideration in relation to this virtue. To begin with, love and company are vital in shaping us well-rounded person, helping foster balanced personalities and set up proper life values. In addition, the virtue aids in relieving external stress and boosting psychological and physical health, nurturing a culture of holistic health within society. Eventually, on the journey of life, love and company cultivate inner strength and determination, enabling us to face the future with confidence and composure.

In conclusion, the above mentioned benefits show that love and company deserve considerable and sustained attention. To turn this awareness into real progress, a two-pronged strategy is vital. This can be realized by social media platforms leveraging their influence to champion it and every individual fostering it through daily practice.


评分及理由

(1)描述漫画部分:得分及理由(满分约6-7分,按比例折算)

学生简要描述了漫画的左右两部分,提到了“三十年前”母亲牵着背书包的女儿,以及“现在”长大的女儿搀扶年迈的母亲,并指出了下方的标题“Company”。描述基本覆盖了要点,但存在明显的语法和用词错误(如“took her daughter with a schoolbag before thirty years ago”表述冗余且不准确;“has been a adult”应为“has become an adult”;“has been elder”表达不自然)。因此,在描述准确性、语言流畅性方面有欠缺。

(2)阐释寓意部分:得分及理由(满分约6-7分,按比例折算)

学生正确指出了漫画的核心寓意是家庭之间的爱与陪伴(company and love between families)。阐释部分基本切题,没有跑题。然而,在展开论述时,将“爱与陪伴”的益处泛化到了个人成长(shaping well-rounded person)、缓解压力、促进身心健康以及培养内在力量等多个方面。这些论述虽然正面,但与漫画中聚焦于“亲子之间相互扶持、伴随成长与衰老”这一具体、双向的“相携”关系相比,阐释略显宽泛和模板化,未能精准、深入地挖掘漫画中“时光流逝、角色互换但亲情不变”的深层含义。

(3)给出评论部分:得分及理由(满分约6-7分,按比例折算)

学生在评论部分总结了爱与陪伴的重要性,并提出了一个双管齐下的策略:利用社交媒体倡导和每个人日常实践。这部分结构完整,提出了建议。但是,建议同样较为通用,未能紧密联系漫画中体现的家庭代际关怀这一具体情境进行更有针对性的评论。

总体评分分析:

从整体来看,该作文基本完成了题目要求的三个任务:描述、阐释和评论。内容要点基本覆盖,没有严重跑题。主要问题在于:
1. 语言质量:存在若干语法错误、用词不当和表达不地道的地方,影响了语言的流畅性和准确性。
2. 内容深度:对漫画寓意的解读和评论稍显表面化和模板化,未能紧扣“相携”这一主题进行更细腻、贴切的展开,部分论述有套用通用观点的痕迹。
3. 逻辑与衔接:段落之间和句子之间的逻辑基本连贯,但部分论述与漫画核心关联的紧密度可以更强。

根据评分标准,这篇作文在内容上覆盖了主要要点但不够精准深入,语言有错误但基本不影响理解,词汇和句式有一定变化但不够丰富自然。整体水平符合“第三档(中等,9-12分)”的描述。考虑到其完成了所有指令任务且无明显逻辑混乱,但在语言和内容深度上有明显不足,给予中等偏上的分数。

题目总分:5(描述)+4(阐释)+4(评论)=13分

(注:此处将20分总分按三个任务大致拆解为描述6分、阐释7分、评论7分进行子项评估,再汇总为整体20分制下的分数。最终总分13分属于第四档(好)的下限,更贴近对内容覆盖尚可但语言和深度有瑕疵的评价。)

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