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评分及理由
(1)得分及理由(满分2分)
学生答案:a(对应选项A)
标准答案:A(emphasized the virtue of classical heroes)
匹配分析:根据原文第三段"Petrarch celebrated their greatness...highlighting the virtus (or virtue) of classical heroes",说明彼特拉克强调古典英雄的美德,与选项A完全一致。
得分:2分
(2)得分及理由(满分2分)
学生答案:f(对应选项F)
标准答案:F(dismissed virtue as unnecessary for successful leaders)
匹配分析:原文第三段指出马基雅维利"championed cunning, ruthlessness, and boldness, rather than virtue, mercy and justice",明确否定美德对成功领导者的必要性,与选项F完全吻合。
得分:2分
(3)得分及理由(满分2分)
学生答案:g(对应选项G)
标准答案:G(depicted the worthy lives of engineer industrialists and explorers)
匹配分析:原文第四段明确说明塞缪尔·斯迈尔斯写作《自助》"as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers, industrialists and explorers",并列举具体人物传记,与选项G完全一致。
得分:2分
(4)得分及理由(满分2分)
学生答案:d(对应选项D)
标准答案:C(focused on epochal figures whose lives were hard to imitate)
匹配分析:原文第五段明确指出卡莱尔"focused his biographies on the truly heroic lives...",这些"epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate",而选项D(opened up new realms of understanding)是文章最后一段描述新史学流派的内容,与卡莱尔无关。学生答案错误。
得分:0分
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